Research & Articles

The concept of the unconscious has traditionally been framed as a hidden layer of the mind containing repressed contents and non-conscious processes. This paper challenges this mentalistic interpretation and proposes an alternative framework in which the unconscious is understood as a set of reactive neural processes grounded in subcortical brain systems. Within this model, patterns … Read more

Human life develops within a network of control structures that begin in early childhood and expand through family, education, culture, and social institutions. Initially, these structures serve a survival function, as they stabilize behavioral patterns and enable social coordination and collective continuity. However, these same mechanisms may gradually limit the direct experience of consciousness and … Read more

This paper presents a spiritual–ontological framework in which “truth” is understood not as a product of thought nor as an outcome of neural mechanisms, but as energetic consciousness itself in the form of the “soul.” Within this perspective, the universe operates in layers of different frequencies, and each layer possesses its own level of truth. … Read more

This article analyzes the distinction between “spiritual experience” and “religious structure” from the perspective of cognitive neuroscience. The central assumption is that spiritual experience is a dynamic state of expanded awareness and neural network flexibility, associated with reduced self-centered processing and increased functional integration across large-scale neural networks. In contrast, the institutionalization of this experience … Read more

All living beings possess consciousness; however, the difference between humans and other organisms lies not in the possession of consciousness, but in the level, frequency, and capacity of its reflection. Human consciousness, due to the more complex structure of the brain—particularly the neocortex—has the capacity for self-awareness, meaning-making, and the observation of experience. Despite this … Read more